An Attempt to Date
the Renaissance
July 31, 2015
Apprentice Sarah Louise
background
Apprentice Sarah Louise returns from an extended sabbatical to resume her apprenticeship. Apprentice Sarah Louise is perhaps the most cosmopolitan of my esteemed charges, so I’ve suggested that she research what is perhaps the most interesting and world changing epoch: the Renaissance. Of course, no analysis of the 16th century is complete without at least one reference to the Oxford English Dictionary.
part the first
We begin with the Renaissance:
Forms:
18 Rénaissance, 18– Renaissance. Also with lower-case initial.
Etymology:
< French Renaissance (c1828 in sense 1a; earlier in figurative application to other revivals in intellectual or cultural life; 1835 in adjectival use).
Several uses of French renaissance with reference to the literary or visual arts in the 15th or 16th centuries are found in the late 1820s ... and seem collectively to have given rise to the conventional use of the term to refer specifically to the cultural developments of this period.
The precise specific application as defined at sense 1a only became established gradually.
1836 C. G. F. Gore Diary of Désennuyée I. 205
... of la rénaissance.
1837 W. Dyce & C. H. Wilson Let. to Lord Meadowbank 37
... the renaissance...
1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 291/2 .
..of the Renaissance ...
1854 J. R. Lowell Keats in Prose Wks. (1896) I. 244
... of the renaissance ...
1873 W. Pater Stud. Hist. Renaissance 2
he word Renaissance ...
1886 J. A. Symonds Catholic Reaction in Renaissance in Italy (1898) VII. ix. 76
...the Renaissance...
It took less than ten years from the use of renaissance in French (c1828) until its first recording in English (1836). For the following definitions, only the earliest three occurrences before the year 1900 will be referenced:
The style of architecture or art developed in and characteristic of the period of the Renaissance.
1840 T. A. Trollope Summer in Brittany II. 234 .
the ‘renaissance’ ...
1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. i. 23
... called Renaissance...
1859 J. M. Jephson & L. Reeve Narr. Walking Tour Brittany 268
... of barbarous Renaissance.
Designating art, architecture, music, etc., produced during or done in imitation of that of the Renaissance.
1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. App. xv. 386
... and Renaissance Palladianisms...
1857 J. Ruskin Polit. Econ. Art ii. 103 V
... Renaissance architecture ...
1886 F. L. Shaw Col. Cheswick's Camp. I. x. 217
... renaissance porch ...
Designating an artist, writer, etc., who lived and worked during the period of the Renaissance.
1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. App. xi. 370
...the Renaissance ...
1873 W. H. Pater Stud. in Hist. Renaissance 168
... Renaissance poets.
Generally. With the sense ‘of or relating to the Renaissance’.
1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. xx. 225
The Renaissance ...
1892 Times 17 Mar. 6/5
... the Renaissance period...
Renaissance humanism n. = humanism n. 3b.
1881 J. A. Symonds Renaissance in Italy: Ital. Lit. II. ix. 31
... of Renaissance humanism.
Renaissance style- made, built, or decorated in a style characteristic of the Renaissance.
1836 H. G. Knight Archit. Tour Normandy iii. 24
... the renaissance style ...
1898 Cosmopolitan Oct. 604/2
... the Renaissance style.
Since neither the French language nor the English language describes the renaissance as such until the 19th century, we will examine the Goths and their influence on the English language. We continue in the OED:
One of a Germanic tribe, who, in the third, fourth, and fifth centuries, invaded both the Eastern and Western empires, and founded kingdoms in Italy, France, and Spain.
c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) i. ix. [xi.] 42
Seo hergung wæs þurh Alaricum Gotena cyning geworden.
c1374 Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr.) i. pr. iv. 9
Theodoric þe kyng of gothes...
1480 Caxton Descr. Brit. 32
These men and these gothes ben all one peple.
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. II. 357
...Be the gottis perforce that held it than.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 238
Eudo the Goth then King of a great part of France.
a1616 Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. iii. 6,
... was among the Gothes.
1664 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders (new ed.) i. sig. d8,
The Gots, who were sent packing by the Mores.
1694 Dryden To Sir G. Kneller in Ann. Miscellany 90 Till
Goths and Vandals, a rude Northern Race...
1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Sensus Communis: Ess. Freedom of Wit 40
...Tartar, or a Goth, wou'd..reason ...
Of, pertaining to, or concerned with the Goths or their language.
1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 5
... the Gothicke tongue.
1776 Gibbon Decline & Fall I. x. 244
... a Gothic history.
1845 J. Stoddart Gram. in Encycl. Metrop. 192/1
The Gothic substantive ...
We read that the Goths overwhelmed the western Empire in Europe as late as the fifth century , but, a la Atlantis, left no trace in the English language. The adjective is first recorded over 500 years after the introduction of the noun (c 900 and 1611, respectively). Since we are not certain if historians are generally unaware of events until they are long past or philologists are ignorant of history, we will expand our search to includes various architectural periods and styles since the 14th century to determine if there significant lags or gaps between what historians state as fact and what linguists know.
Forms:
18 Rénaissance, 18– Renaissance. Also with lower-case initial.
Etymology:
< French Renaissance (c1828 in sense 1a; earlier in figurative application to other revivals in intellectual or cultural life; 1835 in adjectival use).
Several uses of French renaissance with reference to the literary or visual arts in the 15th or 16th centuries are found in the late 1820s ... and seem collectively to have given rise to the conventional use of the term to refer specifically to the cultural developments of this period.
The precise specific application as defined at sense 1a only became established gradually.
1836 C. G. F. Gore Diary of Désennuyée I. 205
... of la rénaissance.
1837 W. Dyce & C. H. Wilson Let. to Lord Meadowbank 37
... the renaissance...
1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 291/2 .
..of the Renaissance ...
1854 J. R. Lowell Keats in Prose Wks. (1896) I. 244
... of the renaissance ...
1873 W. Pater Stud. Hist. Renaissance 2
he word Renaissance ...
1886 J. A. Symonds Catholic Reaction in Renaissance in Italy (1898) VII. ix. 76
...the Renaissance...
It took less than ten years from the use of renaissance in French (c1828) until its first recording in English (1836). For the following definitions, only the earliest three occurrences before the year 1900 will be referenced:
The style of architecture or art developed in and characteristic of the period of the Renaissance.
1840 T. A. Trollope Summer in Brittany II. 234 .
the ‘renaissance’ ...
1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. i. 23
... called Renaissance...
1859 J. M. Jephson & L. Reeve Narr. Walking Tour Brittany 268
... of barbarous Renaissance.
Designating art, architecture, music, etc., produced during or done in imitation of that of the Renaissance.
1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. App. xv. 386
... and Renaissance Palladianisms...
1857 J. Ruskin Polit. Econ. Art ii. 103 V
... Renaissance architecture ...
1886 F. L. Shaw Col. Cheswick's Camp. I. x. 217
... renaissance porch ...
Designating an artist, writer, etc., who lived and worked during the period of the Renaissance.
1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. App. xi. 370
...the Renaissance ...
1873 W. H. Pater Stud. in Hist. Renaissance 168
... Renaissance poets.
Generally. With the sense ‘of or relating to the Renaissance’.
1851 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice I. xx. 225
The Renaissance ...
1892 Times 17 Mar. 6/5
... the Renaissance period...
Renaissance humanism n. = humanism n. 3b.
1881 J. A. Symonds Renaissance in Italy: Ital. Lit. II. ix. 31
... of Renaissance humanism.
Renaissance style- made, built, or decorated in a style characteristic of the Renaissance.
1836 H. G. Knight Archit. Tour Normandy iii. 24
... the renaissance style ...
1898 Cosmopolitan Oct. 604/2
... the Renaissance style.
Since neither the French language nor the English language describes the renaissance as such until the 19th century, we will examine the Goths and their influence on the English language. We continue in the OED:
One of a Germanic tribe, who, in the third, fourth, and fifth centuries, invaded both the Eastern and Western empires, and founded kingdoms in Italy, France, and Spain.
c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) i. ix. [xi.] 42
Seo hergung wæs þurh Alaricum Gotena cyning geworden.
c1374 Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr.) i. pr. iv. 9
Theodoric þe kyng of gothes...
1480 Caxton Descr. Brit. 32
These men and these gothes ben all one peple.
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. II. 357
...Be the gottis perforce that held it than.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 238
Eudo the Goth then King of a great part of France.
a1616 Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. iii. 6,
... was among the Gothes.
1664 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders (new ed.) i. sig. d8,
The Gots, who were sent packing by the Mores.
1694 Dryden To Sir G. Kneller in Ann. Miscellany 90 Till
Goths and Vandals, a rude Northern Race...
1709 Ld. Shaftesbury Sensus Communis: Ess. Freedom of Wit 40
...Tartar, or a Goth, wou'd..reason ...
Of, pertaining to, or concerned with the Goths or their language.
1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. 5
... the Gothicke tongue.
1776 Gibbon Decline & Fall I. x. 244
... a Gothic history.
1845 J. Stoddart Gram. in Encycl. Metrop. 192/1
The Gothic substantive ...
We read that the Goths overwhelmed the western Empire in Europe as late as the fifth century , but, a la Atlantis, left no trace in the English language. The adjective is first recorded over 500 years after the introduction of the noun (c 900 and 1611, respectively). Since we are not certain if historians are generally unaware of events until they are long past or philologists are ignorant of history, we will expand our search to includes various architectural periods and styles since the 14th century to determine if there significant lags or gaps between what historians state as fact and what linguists know.
part the second
We begin with the century long rule of the three Edwards and will continue chronologically:
Archit. Belonging to, or characteristic of, the reigns of the first three Edwards.[r. 1272--1377]
1861 A. Beresford-Hope Eng. Cathedral of 19th Cent. ii. 65 ... Edwardian England.
1884 Athenæum 16 Aug. 216/2 ... Edwardian period.
Pertaining to Henry VIII of England or the ecclesiastical measures of his reign. [r. 1509-47]
1893 R. W. Dixon Hist. Church Eng. (new ed.) III. xv. 39 ... the Henrician settlement ...
A supporter of the ecclesiastical policy of Henry VIII.
1828 E. Nares Mem. Ld. Burghley I. iv. 53 ... true Henrician,...
1946 A. L. Rowse Use of Hist. 180 ... Henricians ...
Henricianism n. /hɛnˈrɪʃ(ɪ)ənɪz(ə)m/ the ecclesiastical policy of Henry VIII.
1900 F. W. Maitland Coll. Papers (1911) III. 159 ...of Henricianism.
1903 F. W. Maitland in Cambr. Mod. Hist. II. 555 ... of Henricanism [sic].
Belonging to the reign of Edward VI. [r. 1547-53]
1879 Dublin Rev. Jan. 92 ... the Edwardian communion service.
1882 P. Schaff et al. Relig. Encycl. I. 748 The Edwardian reformers ...
Belonging to the period of Queen Elizabeth I (1558–1603).
1807 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 1st Ser. (new ed.) I. 388 ... the Elizabethean age...
1817 S. T. Coleridge Biographia Literaria II. xxii. 166 ... our golden Elizabethian age.
1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes iii. 165 This glorious Elizabethan Era.
"Of or pertaining to the reign or times of James I of England; spec. in Archit., .." [r. 1603-25]
1844 F. A. Paley Church Restorers 171, ... Jacobean ...
1867 F. G. Lee 1636 & 1866 in Ess. Reunion 128 ... Jacobean ...
1874 J. H. Parker Introd. Study Gothic Archit. (ed. 4) ii. 20 ... Jacobean Gothic buildings ...
1880 J. L. Warren Guide to Study of Book-plates iii. 22 The Jacobean style was most prevalent on our book-plates about 1730.
Pertaining to James I of England. [r.1603-25]
1611 in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I I. 147 ... the Jacobite...
An adherent of James II of England after his abdication, or of his son the Pretender; a partisan or supporter of the Stuarts after the Revolution of 1688.
1689 E. Bohun (title) ... the Jacobites.
1690 Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs II. 36 ...the Jacobites...
c1740 Visct. Bolingbroke Idea Patriot King xi. 99 Every Jacobite ...
1829 Scott Waverley (new ed.) I. xxix. 307 (note) The sanguine Jacobites ...
Of or pertaining to Oliver Cromwell, who became Protector of the Commonwealth of England in 1653. [d.1658]
1648 M. Nedham Plea for King 12 Even the very Cromwelites.
1648 C. Walker Relations & Observ. i. 34... Cromwellized ...
1649 C. Walker Anarchia Anglicana ii. 195 ... Cromwellists.
1685 R. South Serm. Will for Deed I. 275 ...Cromwellism ..
1905 A. Hayden Chats on Old Furnit. iii. 96 ... termed ‘Cromwellian’.
Of or pertaining to the adherents of James II and his family. [r. 1685-1701]
1692 Song in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 320 ... a Jacobite crew.
1697 J. Dennis (title) ... Jacobite Credulity...
a1797 H. Walpole Walpoliana (1799) I. cl. 127 ... a jacobite priest.
A supporter of William of Orange (King William III). [r. 1689-1702]
1689 E. Bohun (title) ...the Williamites...
1706 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1885) I. 193 ... Williamite.
Designating styles of architecture... suggestive of the time of Queen Anne, [r. 1702-14]
1863 A. J. Munby Diary 12 May in D. Hudson Munby (1972) 160 ...Queen Anne ...
1878 C. L. Eastlake Hints Househ. Taste (ed. 4) i. 25 ... so-called ‘Queen Anne’ style....
1879 M. E. Braddon Vixen I. xiii. 253 The Queen Anne ...
1881 A. Lang Library 36 ...indifferently call the ‘Queen Anne’ or the ‘Chippendale’ style.
The Queen Anne style. in architecture or furniture; (also) a house built in this style.
1883 Harper's Mag. Sept. 560/2 ...Queen Anne ..., to disparage Queen Anne is not to explain ...
Of or relating to any of the first four Georges, kings of Great Britain from 1714 to 1830, or the period of their reign; designating such a period.
1745 Gentleman's Mag. July 377/2 ... his majesty King George, ...
1832 Georgian Era I. 3 ... The Georgian Era, ...
1861 A. Beresford-Hope Eng. Cathedral of 19th Cent. 119 ... in the Georgian or first præ-Georgian days.
Of, designating, or resembling the characteristic (esp. neoclassical) architecture of the reign of the first four Georges (1714–1830).
1843 G. Durandus Symbolism of Churches p. cxxvii, That ne plus ultra ..., the Georgian style.
1865 Berrow's Worcester Jrnl. 14 Jan. 3/1 ... Georgian houses—...
1875 ‘G. Eliot’ Let. 14 Aug. (1955) VI. 165 ...Georgian place.
Of or belonging to, designating, or typical of the reign of Queen Victoria (1837–1901).
1839 Athenæum 2 Nov. 825/1 ... the latter-Georgian and Victorian.
1850 E. P. Hood Age & its Architects ii. 71 The Victorian Commonwealthl ...
1875 E. C. Stedman Victorian Poets (ed. 13) i. 6 ... Victorian eras.
Belonging to or characteristic of the reign of Edward VII.[r. 1901-1910]
1908 Westm. Gaz. 28 Sept. 2/2 That the Edwardian age ...
1909 M. Beerbohm Yet Again 199 ... Edvardian buildings.
1911 M. Beerbohm Zuleika Dobson ii. 10 ...the Edvardian Era...
A person belonging to the period of Edward VII.
1920 Times Lit. Suppl. 23 Sept. 617/2 ... earnest Edwardians.
1929 S. Aumonier Ups & Downs 147 ... an Edwardian of Edwardians...
1930 V. Sackville-West Edwardians (title) The Edwardians.
Of, belonging to, or characteristic of the reign of George V (1910–36).
1910 P. Gibbs in Lady's Realm July 272 ... of Georgian England.
1927 M. Sadleir Trollope 3 ... Georgian enlightenment...
1931 R. Ferguson Brontës went to Woolworths ii. 13, I ... our Georgian times.
Archit. Belonging to, or characteristic of, the reigns of the first three Edwards.[r. 1272--1377]
1861 A. Beresford-Hope Eng. Cathedral of 19th Cent. ii. 65 ... Edwardian England.
1884 Athenæum 16 Aug. 216/2 ... Edwardian period.
Pertaining to Henry VIII of England or the ecclesiastical measures of his reign. [r. 1509-47]
1893 R. W. Dixon Hist. Church Eng. (new ed.) III. xv. 39 ... the Henrician settlement ...
A supporter of the ecclesiastical policy of Henry VIII.
1828 E. Nares Mem. Ld. Burghley I. iv. 53 ... true Henrician,...
1946 A. L. Rowse Use of Hist. 180 ... Henricians ...
Henricianism n. /hɛnˈrɪʃ(ɪ)ənɪz(ə)m/ the ecclesiastical policy of Henry VIII.
1900 F. W. Maitland Coll. Papers (1911) III. 159 ...of Henricianism.
1903 F. W. Maitland in Cambr. Mod. Hist. II. 555 ... of Henricanism [sic].
Belonging to the reign of Edward VI. [r. 1547-53]
1879 Dublin Rev. Jan. 92 ... the Edwardian communion service.
1882 P. Schaff et al. Relig. Encycl. I. 748 The Edwardian reformers ...
Belonging to the period of Queen Elizabeth I (1558–1603).
1807 I. D'Israeli Curiosities of Lit. 1st Ser. (new ed.) I. 388 ... the Elizabethean age...
1817 S. T. Coleridge Biographia Literaria II. xxii. 166 ... our golden Elizabethian age.
1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes iii. 165 This glorious Elizabethan Era.
"Of or pertaining to the reign or times of James I of England; spec. in Archit., .." [r. 1603-25]
1844 F. A. Paley Church Restorers 171, ... Jacobean ...
1867 F. G. Lee 1636 & 1866 in Ess. Reunion 128 ... Jacobean ...
1874 J. H. Parker Introd. Study Gothic Archit. (ed. 4) ii. 20 ... Jacobean Gothic buildings ...
1880 J. L. Warren Guide to Study of Book-plates iii. 22 The Jacobean style was most prevalent on our book-plates about 1730.
Pertaining to James I of England. [r.1603-25]
1611 in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times James I I. 147 ... the Jacobite...
An adherent of James II of England after his abdication, or of his son the Pretender; a partisan or supporter of the Stuarts after the Revolution of 1688.
1689 E. Bohun (title) ... the Jacobites.
1690 Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs II. 36 ...the Jacobites...
c1740 Visct. Bolingbroke Idea Patriot King xi. 99 Every Jacobite ...
1829 Scott Waverley (new ed.) I. xxix. 307 (note) The sanguine Jacobites ...
Of or pertaining to Oliver Cromwell, who became Protector of the Commonwealth of England in 1653. [d.1658]
1648 M. Nedham Plea for King 12 Even the very Cromwelites.
1648 C. Walker Relations & Observ. i. 34... Cromwellized ...
1649 C. Walker Anarchia Anglicana ii. 195 ... Cromwellists.
1685 R. South Serm. Will for Deed I. 275 ...Cromwellism ..
1905 A. Hayden Chats on Old Furnit. iii. 96 ... termed ‘Cromwellian’.
Of or pertaining to the adherents of James II and his family. [r. 1685-1701]
1692 Song in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 320 ... a Jacobite crew.
1697 J. Dennis (title) ... Jacobite Credulity...
a1797 H. Walpole Walpoliana (1799) I. cl. 127 ... a jacobite priest.
A supporter of William of Orange (King William III). [r. 1689-1702]
1689 E. Bohun (title) ...the Williamites...
1706 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1885) I. 193 ... Williamite.
Designating styles of architecture... suggestive of the time of Queen Anne, [r. 1702-14]
1863 A. J. Munby Diary 12 May in D. Hudson Munby (1972) 160 ...Queen Anne ...
1878 C. L. Eastlake Hints Househ. Taste (ed. 4) i. 25 ... so-called ‘Queen Anne’ style....
1879 M. E. Braddon Vixen I. xiii. 253 The Queen Anne ...
1881 A. Lang Library 36 ...indifferently call the ‘Queen Anne’ or the ‘Chippendale’ style.
The Queen Anne style. in architecture or furniture; (also) a house built in this style.
1883 Harper's Mag. Sept. 560/2 ...Queen Anne ..., to disparage Queen Anne is not to explain ...
Of or relating to any of the first four Georges, kings of Great Britain from 1714 to 1830, or the period of their reign; designating such a period.
1745 Gentleman's Mag. July 377/2 ... his majesty King George, ...
1832 Georgian Era I. 3 ... The Georgian Era, ...
1861 A. Beresford-Hope Eng. Cathedral of 19th Cent. 119 ... in the Georgian or first præ-Georgian days.
Of, designating, or resembling the characteristic (esp. neoclassical) architecture of the reign of the first four Georges (1714–1830).
1843 G. Durandus Symbolism of Churches p. cxxvii, That ne plus ultra ..., the Georgian style.
1865 Berrow's Worcester Jrnl. 14 Jan. 3/1 ... Georgian houses—...
1875 ‘G. Eliot’ Let. 14 Aug. (1955) VI. 165 ...Georgian place.
Of or belonging to, designating, or typical of the reign of Queen Victoria (1837–1901).
1839 Athenæum 2 Nov. 825/1 ... the latter-Georgian and Victorian.
1850 E. P. Hood Age & its Architects ii. 71 The Victorian Commonwealthl ...
1875 E. C. Stedman Victorian Poets (ed. 13) i. 6 ... Victorian eras.
Belonging to or characteristic of the reign of Edward VII.[r. 1901-1910]
1908 Westm. Gaz. 28 Sept. 2/2 That the Edwardian age ...
1909 M. Beerbohm Yet Again 199 ... Edvardian buildings.
1911 M. Beerbohm Zuleika Dobson ii. 10 ...the Edvardian Era...
A person belonging to the period of Edward VII.
1920 Times Lit. Suppl. 23 Sept. 617/2 ... earnest Edwardians.
1929 S. Aumonier Ups & Downs 147 ... an Edwardian of Edwardians...
1930 V. Sackville-West Edwardians (title) The Edwardians.
Of, belonging to, or characteristic of the reign of George V (1910–36).
1910 P. Gibbs in Lady's Realm July 272 ... of Georgian England.
1927 M. Sadleir Trollope 3 ... Georgian enlightenment...
1931 R. Ferguson Brontës went to Woolworths ii. 13, I ... our Georgian times.
part the third
We will determine the time between the first appearance of a word describing the representative reign or reigns and the end of that reign. For our analysis, a negative number means that the word was used during the reign and a positive number indicates the first use after the reign.
Ruler
Edwards Henry 8 Henry 8 Henry 8 Edward 6 Elizabeth James 1 James 1 James 2 Cromwell James 2 William 3 Anne Anne Georges Georges Victoria Edward 7 Edward 7 George 5 |
End Reign
1377 1547 1547 1547 1553 1603 1625 1625 1688 1658 1701 1702 1714 1714 1830 1830 1901 1910 1910 1936 |
First Record
1861 1893 1828 1900 1879 1807 1844 1611 1689 1648 1692 1689 1863 1883 1745 1843 1839 1908 1920 1910 |
Difference (in years)
484 346 281 353 326 204 219 -14 1 -10 -9 -13 149 169 -85 13 -62 -2 10 -26 |
The duration of the renaissance, like any epoch, is vague, unlike the definite reigns of monarchs. The monarchs, up to James I, had no influence either during their time or immediately afterwards in respect to architecture. Expect for Queen Anne, subsequent rulers have been recorded within a reasonable amount of time. Based on our research, it seems that recording of events that can not be assigned to a definite time period or exact year are not recorded until a later time.
"Previous to ... the American civil war (1861–5)..."
1862 M. B. Chesnut Diary from Dixie 14 June (1905) 188 ... as in antebellum days.
1879 A. W. Tourgée Fool's Errand xv. 82 ... this ante bellum barbarity had somehow increased ..
The diary recording of "ante bellum" was not found until 1905 and the first public recording was fourteen years after the war's end.
"A style of design ... first popular in the 1920s and 1930s, and characterized by precise and strongly delineated geometric shapes and bold colour contrasts."
1966 Times 2 Nov. 15/1 ...which highlighted the style now known by connoisseurs as Art Deco.
The first recording of "Art Deco" was not until thirty years after the influence of Art Deco. This seems to confirm that developments are not recorded until well after the fact, whereas revivals are recognized as such:
Collegiate Gothic n. (U.S.), a style of neo-Gothic architecture exemplified in certain U.S. university buildings, etc.
1851 C. Cist Sketches & Statistics Cincinnati 298 The style of architecture is what is called the Collegiate Gothic.
"Previous to ... the American civil war (1861–5)..."
1862 M. B. Chesnut Diary from Dixie 14 June (1905) 188 ... as in antebellum days.
1879 A. W. Tourgée Fool's Errand xv. 82 ... this ante bellum barbarity had somehow increased ..
The diary recording of "ante bellum" was not found until 1905 and the first public recording was fourteen years after the war's end.
"A style of design ... first popular in the 1920s and 1930s, and characterized by precise and strongly delineated geometric shapes and bold colour contrasts."
1966 Times 2 Nov. 15/1 ...which highlighted the style now known by connoisseurs as Art Deco.
The first recording of "Art Deco" was not until thirty years after the influence of Art Deco. This seems to confirm that developments are not recorded until well after the fact, whereas revivals are recognized as such:
Collegiate Gothic n. (U.S.), a style of neo-Gothic architecture exemplified in certain U.S. university buildings, etc.
1851 C. Cist Sketches & Statistics Cincinnati 298 The style of architecture is what is called the Collegiate Gothic.
conclusion
We are uncertain why one word describing the epic changes of the renaissance was not used until the 19th century; and although this seems like an impossibly long time, our research into other styles of architecture show this "ignorance" is surprisingly typical.
Except for vague references to the Goths before the 16th century, there is a thousand years between the supposed Gothic invasions and substantial references in the language. The advent of "Gothic" one thousand years after the noun is strong evidence that the historians are mistaken when they relate of the hords of Goths overwhelming the eastern and western empires up to the fifth century. At the least, we can be consoled that historians did take notice of the Renaissance before the year 2500 A.D, or we might suspect there is no evidence for a "Renaissance" in such a remote time.
Although Master may not pleased with the conclusion of this research, perhaps, future topics will have definitive results.
Except for vague references to the Goths before the 16th century, there is a thousand years between the supposed Gothic invasions and substantial references in the language. The advent of "Gothic" one thousand years after the noun is strong evidence that the historians are mistaken when they relate of the hords of Goths overwhelming the eastern and western empires up to the fifth century. At the least, we can be consoled that historians did take notice of the Renaissance before the year 2500 A.D, or we might suspect there is no evidence for a "Renaissance" in such a remote time.
Although Master may not pleased with the conclusion of this research, perhaps, future topics will have definitive results.
addendum
I find it unfortunate that Apprentice Sarah Louise edited many of the citations beyond recognition, since she might have appreciated this quote for the evidence of a vast conspiracy:
1770 Yorick's Jests 10
The wise mayor perceiving the words Anno Domini, immediately sent for and abused the painter for committing such a gross blunder as putting Anno Domini; ‘when, says he, don't you know that Queen Anne is dead, and therefore it should be Georgio Domini.’
Although "historians" inform us that Queen Anne died in the allege year of 1714, as late as 1770 at least one painter was "unaware" of the "fact" that she had been dead for 56 years.
-G.D.O'Bradovich III
1770 Yorick's Jests 10
The wise mayor perceiving the words Anno Domini, immediately sent for and abused the painter for committing such a gross blunder as putting Anno Domini; ‘when, says he, don't you know that Queen Anne is dead, and therefore it should be Georgio Domini.’
Although "historians" inform us that Queen Anne died in the allege year of 1714, as late as 1770 at least one painter was "unaware" of the "fact" that she had been dead for 56 years.
-G.D.O'Bradovich III